Repair 7

When the oil pressure starts to drop in a diesel engine, problems set in. First, the oil is not fully spread across the engine, which contributes to further problems. Shaft bearings start to wear as a result, including the camshaft. Piston rings start to wear, leading to excessive oil burning. Overall, a snowball effect takes place, leading to eventual engine destruction. When the oil pressure goes low, all additives claim to "fix" the problem instantly. Correctly fixing the problem, however, involves extensive diagnosis, including analyzing the oil pump closely.

False Claims

Low oil pressure in a diesel engine indicates something is seriously wrong. Trying to use additives to correct low oil pressure is like putting a band aid on a broken leg. Some additive makers have been known to make false claims of correcting engine problems. For example, the Federal Trade Commission in 2001 brought charges against Zmax oil additive for deceptive advertising.

True Causes

The true causes of low oil pressure in a diesel engine are serious. First, check the oil level and type of oil you are using. The oil should be rated for diesel engines, and the proper viscosity must be used. The service department of the dealership that sells your make and model of vehicle can help you choose the right oil. If you are using the right oil, the next step is to suspect a faulty oil pump. Furthermore, Machinery Lubrication Magazine states that diesel fuel dilution causes low pressure at startup. A qualified diesel technician can assist you in diagnosing and correcting the problem.

Simple Cures

If the oil pressure is a little low, try some simple fixes. Using a thicker viscosity of oil might help. For example, suppose the manufacturer calls for using 5W-20 to 20W-30 for the oil weight. If you use 20W-30, this is slightly thicker. You are still staying within the recommended guidelines, but are using oil at the upper range of the recommended thickness scale. If you suspect fuel dilution, drain and change the oil and oil filter. This will get rid of the thinned out oil. You oil pump may be sensitive to changes like this, and perhaps the problem will self correct.

Steps To Take

Try the easy solutions first. If the oil pressure is just starting to go low, you may have to change the oil more often to overcome fuel dilution. Try to start your engine less frequently, as the experts state this leads to fuel dilution, particularly in cold weather. If the simple solutions do not resolve the problem, then professional expertise is needed to diagnose the root cause of the problem. Additives claim to correct problems, but these claims should be looked upon with skepticism.

The Ford Econoline is a series of full-size passenger and cargo vans. The F-150 designation indicates the vehicle has a rated carrying capacity of at least 1/2 ton. The most common engine in a 1989 Ford Econoline F-150 is an 8-cylinder 5.0-liter engine. The oil pump on this engine is located on top of the engine near the front.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the mounting bolts from the oil pan with a socket wrench. Remove the oil pan from the engine. Detach the inlet tube from the oil pump and disconnect the screen assembly.

2

Remove the mounting bolts from the oil pump with a socket wrench. Pull the oil pump drive shaft from the body of the oil pump. Disconnect the oil pump assembly from the distributor socket and discard its gasket.

3

Fill the inlet and outlet ports of the new oil pump with engine oil and turn the oil pump drive shaft to distribute the oil through the pump. Align the oil pump drive shaft with the distributor shaft by rotating the oil pump drive shaft as required. Insert the oil pump drive shaft into the distributor socket. Position the new gasket on the pump body and insert the oil pump drive shaft into the pump body.

4

Connect the mounting bolts to the oil pump and tighten them to between 22 and 32 ft. lbs. with a torque wrench.

5

Install the screen assembly for the oil pump with a socket wrench and attach the inlet tube for the oil pump. Mount the oil pan and fasten the attaching bolts with a socket wrench.

GMC introduced the Yukon in 1992, and the Yukon Denali in 1999. The 2001 GMC Yukon was available with a 4.6-liter V-8 engine or a 5.3-liter V-8 engine in the base model SLE and SLT. The Denali was given a 6.0-liter V-8 engine from the factory. The oil in the 2001 Yukon should be changed every three months or 3,000 miles, or as indicated by the "Oil Life" indicator built into the instrument cluster. The type (not weight) of oil you use should depend on your driving styles and how many miles are on the vehicle.

Instructions

1

Lift the front of the Yukon with a jack. Place jack stands beneath the front subframe rails. Lower the truck onto the jack stands.

2

Lay beneath the front of the truck and slide yourself in a position to access the rear of the oil pan. The oil pan is the cast aluminum pan directly beneath the engine. Slide a drain pan beneath the oil pan.

3

Loosen the oil drain plug with an open-end wrench. Turn the drain plug out with your fingers. Allow the oil to drain into the drain pan for no less than three minutes. Insert the drain plug back into the oil pan. Tighten the plug to 25 foot-pounds with a torque wrench and socket.

4

Move the drain pan underneath the oil filter. The filter is located at the rear drivers side of the oil pan. Remove the filter with a filter wrench, then dispose of it into the drain pan. Wipe the filter mating surface on the engine with a clean rag. Remove any pieces of old gasket.

5

Open a fresh bottle of oil. Dip your finger tip in the bottle, then rub the fresh oil onto the gasket of the new oil filter. Thread new oil filter onto the threaded tube at the rear of the oil pan. Once the gasket makes contact, tighten the filter 3/4 turn more. Do not over-tighten it.

6

Lower the Yukon to the ground. Remove the oil fill cap on the engine. Add 6-quarts of 5w30 motor oil to the engine. Replace the oil fill cap when you are finished.

7

Start the engine and immediately inspect underneath the car for any leaks. Allow the engine to run for approximately 15 seconds, and turn it off. Wait two minutes for the oil to settle into the oil pan, and check the level with the dipstick. Add oil as needed to bring the level to the "Full" mark.

Hydraulic oil and pneumatic (lubricating) oil are two different fluids for entirely different applications. It is important to understand these differences when selecting an oil to use. Choosing the wrong fluid could result in equipment failure or injury.

Hydraulic and Pneumatic

Hydraulic systems use a liquid, such as oil, under pressure to power cylinders, valves, motors and so on. Pneumatic systems use a gas, such as air, under pressure, to power cylinders, valves, motors, among other equipment.

Hyrdaulic Oil

Hydraulic oil, sometimes called hydraulic fluid, is used to transfer energy from one component to another in a hydraulic system. There are several types of oil that may be used in a hydraulic system depending on the individual application. Different oils have varying viscosity and compressibility. The machinery being used typically specifies which type of hydraulic oil is required.

Pneumatic Oil

Pneumatic oil, more frequently called lubricating oil, is used to lubricate the moving parts in a pneumatic system. Pneumatic oil typically has a low viscosity and is easily atomized so it can be transported by the compressed air in the system. Some systems will have an oil reservoir that automatically dispenses lubricating pneumatic oil, while others require the operator to manually add a few drops of oil every so often.

Replacement Harley oil pumps must be primed after installation but before their first use in order to prevent air lock or cavitation. Essentially, air trapped inside the pump while it was out of the crankcase prevents oil from flowing and the engine quickly goes dry. It is a mistake one rarely makes twice since the engine may practically explode within a few hundred yards of leaving the garage on the first test ride. Oil pump manufacturers including S&S, Harley-Davidson and Sifton dryly note that substantial engine damage not covered under warranty may result from failing to prime an oil pump.

Instructions

1

Install the oil pump. Connect feeder and return lines. Fill the oil tank to correct level.

2

Remove check valve cover screw with a flat head screwdriver. Remove the check valve O-ring and spring by hand.

3

Remove the check valve ball with a mechanics magnet from inside the oil pump body. On a typical Harley oil pump the check valve cover screw is on top of the oil pump body.

4

Look inside the open check valve. The exposed cavity inside the oil pump should fill with oil within seconds.

5

Pour clean engine oil into the cavity if it remains empty and wait for five minutes.

6

Replace the check valve ball, spring, O-ring and screw. Put the motorcycle in "Neutral" and start the engine.

7

Confirm oil circulation with an oil pressure gauge and by removing the filler cap from the oil tank and watching oil return to the tank.

To ensure that your MerCruiser engine powers your boat sufficiently, it is important to change its oil every year or after 100 hours of use, whichever comes first. Changing your MerCruisers oil requires you to hand pump the oil out of the system before refilling the crankcase and replacing the oil filter.

Instructions

1

Run your MerCruiser engine for ten to fifteen minutes to ensure that the oil in the engine is properly warmed up. This will aid in the siphoning of the oil from the engine.

2

Remove the dipstick.

3

Attach the threaded oil pump to the threaded end of the hole from which you took the dipstick. The specialty threaded oil pump can be purchased from a boating store or supplier.

4

Unscrew and remove the oil fill cap.

5

Punch a hole into the top of the oil filter with an awl and a hammer. Punching a hole into the oil filter before siphoning the oil from the engine will allow air to enter the crankcase and help in the pumping process.

6

Crank the hand pump until your MerCruisers crankcase is drained of oil. Drain the oil into an oil tray.

7

Use a strap wrench to remove the old oil filter.

8

Wipe the point at which the new oil filter will attach to the engine to remove all debris before wiping new engine oil around the edges of the connection.

9

Reattach the new oil filter by hand.

10

Fill your MerCruiser with the amount of oil specified in your owners manual.

Taking proper care of your tractors engine is essential to maintaining a properly working engine that will last and have few complications. The 200 John Deere T280 has a Yanmar T280 engine and requires that you use certain types of oil. Oil for your tractor is one thing you dont want to skimp on, as the better quality brands are better for your engine, lubricate better than the cheaper ones and last longer.

John Deer 650 Engine

The John Deere 650 is distributed by John Deere and manufactured by Yanmar in Japan with a Yanmar T280 engine. The Yanmar T280 engine is a 2-cylinder diesel engine with liquid cooling. This particular model has 2,600 rpm with 12 starter volts. Its available in 4x2 or 4x4, manual or power steering.

Diesel Engine Care

Diesel engines need different care than gasoline engines. Diesel engines generally create greater internal pressure and heat, therefore oil is used more in diesel engines for cooling the engine than with gasoline. They are also more susceptible to engine problems caused by poor lubrication and dirt. Improper oil use and care can be detrimental to your tractor, causing serious engine damage, overheating and thermal distortion.

Oil Types

There are several oil types, and within these types are various classifications. The two most common types are designated for diesel (compression engines) and gasoline engines (spark engines). Each type has a API (American Petroleum Institute) rating. The ratings will signify the type of oil and class. The first letter represents the type "C" for diesel compression engines and "S" for gasoline spark engines. The second letter represents the class or grade.

What Oil for Your Tractor

To properly maintain and care for your Yanmar diesel engine, it is recommended that you use an oil with a classification of CE, CF, CG or higher.

The oil pan on a 1989 Ford Ranger is responsible for holding the engines oil supply. The oil pan is attached to the engines crankcase and held in place with bolts. Removing the oil pan from the vehicle is a fairly simple, straightforward task that can be handled by an amateur mechanic. There are no special tools required, and the job can be performed in a driveway or garage in under an hour.

Instructions

Raise The Vehicle

1

Raise the vehicle if it lacks sufficient ground clearance for you to work under it comfortably. The safest method is to use car ramps.

2

Slide underneath the truck until you reach the oil drain pan. Be sure to slide the oil drain pan, ratchet set, container and rags underneath the truck with you.

3

Align the oil dran pan directly underneath the trucks oil pan. Remove the oil pan drain plug and place it into the container. Allow all of the oil to drain completely out of the crankcase.

4

Remove the bolts around the edge of the oil pan one at a time. Support the pan with your free hand while you remove the bolts.

5

Slowly lower the pan and drain any remaining oil into the oil drain pan. Leave the drain pan in place to catch any drops of leftover oil, and bring the trucks oil pan out from underneath.

The Subaru Impreza is a compact car that Subaru has manufactured since 1993. The most common engine in a late-model Impreza is a 4-cylinder, 2.5-liter engine, which has the oil pump on the front of the engine. The function of the oil pump is to keep the engine lubricated by pumping oil through the engine. The primary portion of the oil pump replacement procedure is the removal of the additional components so you can access the oil pump.

Instructions

1

Remove the cable on the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench to prevent the engine from starting while you replace the oil pump. Place a container under the radiator drain and open the radiator drain cock. Allow the coolant to drain into the container and store the coolant for later use. Replace the radiator drain cock.

2

Raise the vehicle with a jack and support it with jack stands. Place a second container under the drain for the engine oil, then remove the drain plug with a socket wrench. Allow the oil to drain into the container, then fasten the drain plug.

3

Disconnect the covers for the timing belt with a socket wrench, then remove the timing belt assembly. Remove the bracket for the timing belt tensioner and detach the engine coolant pipe from the water pump. Disconnect the the water pump assembly from the engine. Remove the mounting bolts for the oil pump, then pry the oil pump from the engine block with a small pry tool. Discard the seal and O-ring for the oil pump.

4

Mount the new seal on the oil pump, then apply a thin layer of sealant to the oil pumps mating surface. Mount the new O-ring to the oil pump and install the oil pump to the engine block. Tighten the mounting bolts for the oil pump to 56 inch-pounds with a torque wrench.

5

Install the water pump to the engine with a socket wrench and attach the engine coolant pipe to the water pump. Install the timing belt assembly and the covers for the timing belt.

6

Lower the vehicle. Fill the vehicle with the proper amount of coolant and oil. Attach the cable to the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench.

You can reset the change oil message on your 2008 Jeep Liberty right in your garage, saving time and money. The Liberty keeps track of your oil changes and alerts you to when the next one is due. A light illuminates on the instrument panel to alert you to the need for an oil change. Usually your mechanic will reset the light, but not always. If you change the oil change yourself, you will need to know how to reset it.

Instructions

1

Put the key in the ignition and turn it to the "On" position, but dont start the engine.

2

Press the accelerator to the floor very slowly three times within ten seconds. Turn off the ignition.

3

Turn the key in the ignition to the "On" position again. The "Change Oil" light should now be off. If its still illuminated, repeat the above procedure.

The Mini Cooper or "Mini," made by BMW, comes standard with a Service Interval Display or SID. This keeps track of when the next oil change is needed. It can be found near the odometer on the instrument panel. You should have the oil changed first before you attempt to manually reset the light or else it will keep turning back on. Its an easy fix requiring no special tools and just a few minutes of time.

Instructions

1

Put the key into the ignition. Locate the trip odometer button and press and hold it in. At the same time, turn the key in the ignition to the "I" position. Look for the message "51A" just left of the mileage on the instrument panel.

2

Release the button and wait for three seconds. Press and hold the trip button again and wait about five seconds. Look for the message "RST" next to the mileage counter. Once you see this message, release the trip button.

3

Press in the trip button again and wait for the message "15000" to show up. Once you see this message, release the button and turn off the vehicle. The oil light should now turn off.

4

Turn off the vehicle and wait one minute. Turn on the engine and verify on the instrument panel that the check oil light has remained off.

A vehicles oil pressure switch keeps track of the oil pressure that the oil pump creates. This is important because low oil pressure can severely damage a vehicles engine due to the fact that the engine needs adequate lubrication at all times.

Functions

On older model vehicles, an oil pressure switch will send a signal to the oil pressure light. This warning light comes on when the car is cranked but goes off as the pressure builds. The oil pressure switch on newer model vehicles will signal its computer, which can cause a car not to start if it has low oil pressure.

Pressure

In addition to an oil pressure warning light, some automobiles also have a gauge which the oil pressure switch can inform of the vehicles current oil pressure levels. The pressure levels typically range from about 7 psi to 12 psi when the automobile is idling and 40 psi to 60 psi when the automobile is being driven.

Tips

When it has been determined that an oil pressure switch needs a replacement, there are a few things that should be done in advance. Have a reputable mechanic check that oil levels are correct. The vehicles oil pressure should also be checked to make sure it matches specifications required by the vehicles manufacturer.

The Dodge Ram is a series of full-size pickup trucks manufactured by the Dodge division of the Chrysler Group since 1981. The 1995 model belongs to the second generation of Dodge Rams, which includes the 1994 through 2001 models. The most common engine in the 1995 Dodge Ram is an eight-cylinder 5.2-liter. The oil pump for this vehicle attaches to the rear main bearing cap and is accessible from underneath the vehicle.

Instructions

1

Allow the vehicle to sit overnight to ensure that the oil is cold. Place a drain pan under the oil drain and remove the drain plug with a socket wrench. Allow the oil to drain into the drain pan then replace the drain plug.

2

Disconnect the mounting bolts for the oil pan with a socket wrench and remove the oil pan. Loosen the bolts for the oil pump cover and disconnect the oil pump cover. Remove the mounting bolts for the oil pump and detach the oil pump from the rear bearing cap.

3

Fill the rotor cavity of the new oil pump with engine oil to prime the pump. Hold the new oil pump in position on the rear bearing cap. Tighten the mounting bolts to 95 inch-pounds with a torque wrench.

4

Replace the oil pump cover and tighten the cover bolts to 30 foot-pounds with the torque wrench. Reinstall the oil pan with the socket wrench.

5

Fill the engine with oil and start the vehicle. Check for any oil leaks.

Most Harley-Davidsons have air-cooled engines, and two factors contribute to their overheating. Harleys are delivered from the factory tuned so that the gas-air mixture that combusts in the cylinders has too much air and not enough gas. Such a condition is usually called either "running lean" or "running hot." To more easily meet environmental goals, Harley has taken several steps, from sealing carburetors to making fuel injections difficult to reprogram, that make it difficult to correct the improper factory tuning. The easiest way to reduce engine and oil temperature is to install an oil cooler.

Instructions

1

Loosen and dismount, but do not disconnect, the voltage regulator and the bottom of the frame down tubes, using a socket wrench. Allow the voltage regulator to hang down supported by the wiring harness.

2

Remove the oil filter with an oil filter wrench. Drain the oil into a pan.

3

Separate the halves of the oil filter adapter included in your oil cooler kit. Set the rear piece of the adapter in place on the oil filter mount and thread the one-inch lock nut onto the oil filter mounting stud.

4

Tighten the lock nut with a one-inch socket and socket wrench. Apply thread locker to the adapter screws included in the kit.

5

Secure the front half of the fitting adapter to the back half with the adapter screws. Turn the screws with an Allen wrench. Tighten the screws on both the front and back of the oil filter adapter.

6

Attach but do not tighten the two angled brackets included with the cooler kit to the voltage regulator mounting studs. Install the voltage regulator on the vertical holes of the angled brackets. Tighten the voltage regulator screws with a box wrench.

7

Attach the oil cooler ground wire to the right mounting stud. Tighten the nuts and hardware from your cooler kit to the mounting studs with a socket wrench.

8

Position the pre-assembled oil cooler above and resting on the voltage regulator. Insert the mounting screws and spacers included in your kit through the cooler unit and cross-member. Securely tighten the cooler unit mounting hardware with an Allen wrench.

9

Connect the oil lines that came with your kit to oil filter adapter. Tighten the hose clamps with a screwdriver. Install a new oil filter on the oil filter adapter.

10

Cut the oil cooler lines to length with scissors. Attach the open ends of the lines to the cooler fittings and secure with hose clamps. Tighten the hose clamps with a screwdriver.

11

Route the red power wire from the cooler up the frame to the headlight. Cut the wire to length with wire cutters. Strip the oil cooler power wire and splice it to the headlight power wire.

12

Cover the splice with heat shrink tubing. Shrink the tubing with a heat gun.

13

Slide the oil cooler cover in place. Tighten the top two and bottom two cover-mounting screws with a screwdriver.

Commonly used in pneumatic systems, pneumatic oil works specifically in air-powered tools and applications due to its nature of being easily made airborne. As a result, the oil can work as a lubricant in air-pressured valve and cylinder setups, air compressor motors, and similar mechanical assemblies.

How it is Used

Pneumatic oil works as a lubrication additive in a pneumatic tool or tool system. Because the clearances inside such tools are so tight and are activated by air pressure, conventional lubrication such as grease does not work. Instead, pneumatic oil is used due to an ability to break it down to a molecular level and make it airborne. This low viscosity benefit allows the oil to then move along with the pressured air between the tool parts and lubricate them properly, reducing friction between the parts. The oil supply in the tool can either be handled through a reservoir with an automated distribution pump or by manually applying drops in the tool parts. Any extra oil that travels with the air is ejected from the tool or machinery while in use.

No Compatibility with Normal Oil Needs

Pneumatic oil does not work very well in normal lubrication applications such as automotive lubrication, mechanical grease, or general machinery applications. The same benefit that allows pneumatic oil to work in air compressed systems (viscosity) also causes it to break down too easily under any kind of mechanical wear or temperature. As a result, pneumatic oil should never be used as an grease or oil substitute in heavy machinery or vehicles.

Care in Use

Due to the atomizing nature of pneumatic oil, it can cause irritation on bare skin (typically the hands working with a pneumatic tool repeatedly). The oil can enter skin pores and cause irritation. The best way to avoid this problem is to wear gloves when handling the tools, wash hands regularly with soap, change out gloves and work aprons regularly, and take showers at lunch breaks and after work. These steps remove a significant amount of pneumatic oil residual from exposed skin.

Types of Tool Applications

Pneumatic oil typically comes in one grade and can be applied in a variety of air-driven tools. This includes vegetation chippers, reciprocating equipment, automotive mechanic tools such as tire lugnut drills and tire inflation units, most kinds of air motors, and similar machines. The product can even be used in brewery applications for bottling and canning.

The Jeep Liberty is a compact sport utility vehicle manufactured by Chrysler under its Jeep marque. The 2004 model has a choice of several different engines, such as a 4-cylinder, 2.4-liter engine. The oil pump for this engine is attached to the bottom of the engine block above the oil pan. The replacement of the oil pump also requires the removal of several other components to access the oil pump.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the cable to the negative battery terminal with a socket wrench. This prevents you from starting the engine while replacing the oil pump. Remove the mounting bolts for the the timing belt cover and detach the timing belt cover. Disconnect the timing belt from its pulley. Remove the oil pan mounting bolts and disconnect the oil pan.

2

Remove the crankshaft sprocket with tools 6793 and C-4685-C2. Disconnect the crankshaft key with a socket wrench and detach the oil pickup tube from the oil pump. Remove the mounting bolts for the oil pump. Disconnect the oil pump and remove the front crankshaft seal.

3

Clean the mounting surfaces for the oil pump with a shop rag. Apply gasket sealer to the new oil pumps mounting surface and install the new gasket onto the oil pump. Align the rotor flats of the oil pump with the rotor flats on the crankshaft. Connect the oil pump to the engine block with a socket wrench.

4

Install a new front crankshaft seal and connect the crankshaft key. Install the crankshaft sprocket with tool 6792 to ensure that you set the sprocket to the correct depth. The camshaft sprocket can damage your timing belt and engine if you do not install it correctly.

5

Attach the pickup tube to the oil pump. Connect the oil pan to the engine block with a socket wrench and install the timing belt. Replace the timing belt rear cover and connect the cable to the negative battery terminal.