Repair 7

Ford debuted its Mustang in 1965. Just three years later, it introduced a new engine, the so-called 302, or 5.0 liter V8 engine, a member of Fords Windsor engine family. This performance-oriented engine was available until the end of the 1970s.

History

Ford introduced the 5.0 liter, or 302-cubic-inch, engine in 1968 in anticipation of emissions standards established by the federal government in the 1970s. It remained an available engine in the Mustang until 1973. It was reinstated in 1975 and ended its run in Mustangs in 1979.

Cylinder Head to Engine Block

The bolts joining the cylinder head and the engine block require three distinct applications of torque executed in a helical sequence. The bolts require first 45 foot-pounds of torque, then 55 foot-pounds and finally 70 foot-pounds of torque. You should wait about 15 minutes between each step to allow the bolts to settle and stretch.

Other Specifications

The intake manifold bolts to the cylinder head in three stages: first to 12 foot-pounds, second to 20 foot-pounds, and third to 22 foot-pounds of torque. In 5.0 liter engines manufactured in 1969 and 1970, the rocker arm stud bolts to the cylinder head with 70 foot-pounds of torque. The valve cover bolts to the cylinder head with 4 foot-pounds of torque.

The water pump in the 1998 Ford Explorer is located on the front of the engine block by the cooling fan. It circulates coolant through the block to prevent the engine from overheating during its operation. The primary symptom of a faulty water pump is a continually increasing engine temperature, even with the proper amount of coolant. A malfunctioning water pump causes excessive wear to the engine and may eventually damage the engine permanently.

Instructions

1

Disconnect the batterys negative terminal with a socket wrench. Position a drain pan under the radiator and open the radiator drain. Replace the plug after the coolant is completely drained from the radiator.

2

Disconnect the cooling fan shroud with a socket wrench. Remove the mounting bolts for the cooling fan. Remove the cooling fan assembly. Disconnect the accessory drive belt.

3

Detach the water bypass hose and heater hose from the water pump. Disconnect the brackets for the wiring harness of the engine control sensor, and push the wiring harness out of the way. Remove the attaching bolts for the water pump pulley with a socket wrench and disconnect the pulley.

4

Remove the attaching bolts for the water pump. Record the position of each bolt since they have different lengths. Detach the pump from the front engine cover. Disconnect the radiator hose from the water pump. Remove the pump from the vehicle and discard its gasket.

5

Clean the mounting surfaces of the pump and front engine cover with a shop towel. Apply a layer of gasket sealer to both sides of the new gasket. Mount the gasket onto the water pump.

6

Connect the radiator hose to the new pump. Install the pump and place the mounting bolts in the correct holes that you recorded earlier. Torque the mounting bolts to between 15 and 21 foot-pounds with a torque wrench. Complete the installation of the water pump by performing steps two and three in reverse order.

7

Refill the cooling system with coolant and reattach the negative battery cable with a socket wrench. Start the engine and check for leaks in the cooling system.

Ushering in Fords new generation of dual overhead cam (DOHC) V-6s, the Duratec V-6 started production in 1996 as a four valves per cylinder, aluminum head and block, 60-degree V-6 that replaced an aging generation of pushrod V-6s.

History

Introduced as an optional engine upgrade in 1996 for Fords line of Taurus/Sable sedans, the 3.0L Duratec engines reached their peak in 2001 when they became the base engine for both the Taurus/Sable line and the Escape/Tribute line of small SUVs. This engine also found applications in the Lincoln LS, the Mazda 6, Mazda MPV, Ford Freestyle, Mercury Montego and the Jaguar S and X models. Its still in production today.

Power

Producing a base 200 horsepower at 6,000 rpm and 193 lb. ft. of torque at 4,850 rpm, the Duratec 3.0L V-6 was tuned to a beefier 232 horsepower for select models starting in 2000 using an upgraded valvetrain system.

Efficiency

Engineered for efficiency, the 3.0L Duratec V-6 has sequential multiport fuel injection (SFI), variable valve timing (VVT) (in later versions only) and intake manifold runner control (IMRC), all of which increase fuel efficiency and power. The lighter, all-aluminum (with cast-iron cylinder liners) construction decreases engine weight for even greater efficiency.

Technical Data

Holding 5.5 quarts of oil at 11 psi, the 3.0L (181-cubic-inch displacement) Duratec V-6 features an 89.0-mm bore, 79.5-mm stroke, a firing order of 1-4-2-5-3-6 and spark plug gaps of 1.3 to 1.4 mm. The valve stem diameter is 5.975 to 5.995 mm for the 35-mm intake valves and 5.950 to 5.970 mm for the 30-mm exhaust valves with 0.05 mm of valve face runout and a valve face angle of 45.5 degrees.

As with many other cars, the exhaust gas redirection (EGR) system is part of a Ford vehicles emissions system. It is the same function in a Ford Escort 2.0 as it is for other Ford vehicles. Exhaust is redirected through the fueling system again, as a way to cut down on pollutants.

Location

The EGR system can be found near the intake manifold. The system itself contains exhaust lines, sensors and a valve. Problems often associated with a faulty EGR system include rough idling, stalling while idling and the engine surging at higher speeds.

Emissions

In the 1990s, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) mandated a stricter control over vehicle emissions. The EGR system helps refine exhaust and remove toxic chemicals. This keeps dangerous nitrogen oxide out of the atmosphere, where it could harm people.

Diagnostics

All 1999 Ford Escorts use the second generation on-board diagnostics (OBD) system. The EGR system is part of the Escorts powertrain and is regulated by the powertrain control module (PCM). Accessing EGR sensor data requires connecting to the Escorts PCM with an OBD-II code reader.